System Design - performance
#01 Data Engineering

Build Amazon's Product Search Ranking Premium

Design a search ranking system that incorporates real-time inventory, pricing, and sales velocity signals into results, personalizes rankings per user, and re-indexes a product catalog of 500 million items.

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#02 Data Engineering

Build Amazon's Review Aggregation Pipeline Premium

Design a review processing pipeline that deduplicates submissions, filters fraudulent reviews using behavioral signals, computes rolling star averages, and surfaces the most helpful reviews per product.

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#03 Security

Build an API Key Management System Premium

Design an API key platform that issues scoped keys with per-key rate limits, propagates revocations to all gateway nodes within 1 second, and provides usage analytics per key without adding latency to the hot path.

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#04 Security

Build a Bot Detection System Using Behavioral Signals Premium

Design a bot detection system that distinguishes human users from automated bots using behavioral and network signals, works without user-visible challenges, and updates its models as bots adapt their behavior.

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#05 Databases

Build a Columnar Storage Engine with SSTable and Compaction Premium

Design a write-optimized storage engine that buffers writes in memory, flushes them to immutable SSTables on disk, and runs background compaction to merge files while keeping read amplification low.

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#06 Databases

Build a Comment Threading System with Infinite Nesting Premium

Design a comment system that supports infinitely nested replies, renders full comment trees efficiently at any depth, and allows collapsing subtrees without loading the entire thread.

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#07 Scalability

Build Facebook Live Low-Latency Video Streaming Premium

Design a live video streaming infrastructure that ingests a broadcaster's stream, encodes it into multiple bitrates in real-time, and delivers it to millions of concurrent viewers with under 5 seconds of latency.

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#08 Scalability

Build Facebook News Feed Ranking and Fanout Premium

Design a news feed system that generates a personalized ranked feed for 3 billion users, handles write fanout for posts with millions of followers, and serves the feed in under 500ms.

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#09 Performance

Build Faceted Search with Live Inventory Filters Premium

Design a search system that supports multi-dimensional filter combinations (brand, price, rating, availability) and reflects live inventory changes in filter counts within seconds of a product going out of stock.

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#10 Distributed Systems

Build a Game Matchmaking System Premium

Design a matchmaking service that balances player skill (ELO rating), network latency, and queue wait time to form fair and low-lag matches, and degrades gracefully by relaxing skill constraints as queue times grow.

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